Zeolite nature have been found more than 30 kinds, more common well-synthetic zeolite powder supplier, chabazite, calcium, heulandite, sodium zeolite, mordenite, Stilbite, etc., are to calcium, sodium based. How much of their water content varies with ambient temperature and humidity changes. Crystals belong to crystal system with different mineral species varies, with monoclinic and orthorhombic (orthorhombic) majority. Analcime, chabazite often has equiaxed crystal form, heulandite, Stilbite form of a plate, erionite, mordenite acicular or fibrous, phillipsite and boiling Danshuang Jing Hui common. Pure various zeolites are colorless or white, but may be due to a variety of light-colored impurities and mixing. Shiny glass. Cleavage varies with the crystal structure. Mohs hardness medium. The proportion ranged from 2.0 to 2.3, containing barium is up from 2.5 to 2.8. zeolite molecular sieve formed in the epithermal stage, common in extrusive rock pores, also found in hydrothermal deposits and the modern spa deposition. The zeolite may be the action of water by diafiltration to exchange cations, the ingredients sodium, calcium ions can be exchanged with an aqueous solution of potassium and magnesium ions to soften hard water industry. The crystal structure of the zeolite comprises silicon (Al) oxy connected into a three-dimensional tetrahedral framework, grid has a variety of different sizes of holes and channels with large open. Alkali metal or alkaline earth metal ions and water molecules are located in the holes and channels, to contact grid is weak. Different ion exchange on the zeolite structure has little effect, but the nature of the 4a zeolite powder so that change. Present in the crystal lattice of different size cavities, can absorb or filter elements of different sizes other substances. Industrially often as a molecular sieve, to purify or separate components of the mixed material, such as gas separation, oil purification, treatment of industrial pollution.
Molecular sieve adsorbent can be separated by selective adsorption of n-paraffins from branched chain hydrocarbons, and the process of cyclic hydrocarbons
2015年3月26日星期四
2015年3月23日星期一
Molecular sieve functions and features
The porous material has been widely used in many fields, such as the main catalytic microporous molecular sieve material, adsorption and ion exchange material separation materials plays an increasingly important role in oil processing, petrochemicals, fine chemicals, and household chemicals .
Molecular sieves (also known as a synthetic zeolite) is a microporous aluminosilicate crystalline silicon. It is made of silicon oxide, aluminum oxide tetrahedra basic skeleton structure, there is a metal cation in the crystal lattice (such as Na +, K +, Ca2 +, Li +, etc.), in order to balance the negative charge excess crystals. According to their type of zeolite crystal structure is divided into: A type, X-type, Y type.
Zeolite relevant standards:
"3a molecular sieve" "4A molecular sieve" "5a molecular sieve and test methods" "13X molecular sieve"
"Water assay method static sieve" "sieve dynamic water assay method"
"Granular sieve size determination," "Determination of bulk density of molecular sieve" "sieve crush strength test method", "Standard Test Method for molecular sieve desiccant cooling systems with anti-wear performance," "Determination of dynamic zeolite adsorption of carbon dioxide."
"Industrial activated alumina," "air separation plant with activated alumina acceptance technical conditions"
(5) Pharmaceutical ---- silver zeolite antimicrobial agent.
Molecular sieves (also known as a synthetic zeolite) is a microporous aluminosilicate crystalline silicon. It is made of silicon oxide, aluminum oxide tetrahedra basic skeleton structure, there is a metal cation in the crystal lattice (such as Na +, K +, Ca2 +, Li +, etc.), in order to balance the negative charge excess crystals. According to their type of zeolite crystal structure is divided into: A type, X-type, Y type.
Zeolite relevant standards:
"3a molecular sieve" "4A molecular sieve" "5a molecular sieve and test methods" "13X molecular sieve"
"Water assay method static sieve" "sieve dynamic water assay method"
"Granular sieve size determination," "Determination of bulk density of molecular sieve" "sieve crush strength test method", "Standard Test Method for molecular sieve desiccant cooling systems with anti-wear performance," "Determination of dynamic zeolite adsorption of carbon dioxide."
"Industrial activated alumina," "air separation plant with activated alumina acceptance technical conditions"
(5) Pharmaceutical ---- silver zeolite antimicrobial agent.
2015年3月12日星期四
Molecular sieve chromatography
molecular sieve chromatography, also known as gel or gel filtration chromatography. Gel filtration is the use of a certain pore size range of porous gel as the stationary phase, the components of the mixture according to molecular size separating chromatographic technique. A substance having a 13x molecular sieves action are many, such as pumice, agar, agarose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, dextran gels and the like. Sephadex most widely trade name sephadex many models, from G10 to G200, its main applications are: ① fractionation various antigens and antibodies; ② remove complexes of small molecules. Such as desalination, fluorescein and free radioisotopes as well as protein hydrolysis fragments; ④ Determination of the molecular weight; ③ Analysis of immune complexes in serum.
2015年3月9日星期一
Some catalytic behavior of molecular sieve dehydration in ethanol amination reaction
Aliphatic amines is an important raw material of pesticides, pharmaceuticals, dyes and other industries. Its main synthetic methods ammoniated alcohol dehydration and alcohol dehydrogenation amination, an AI:. O, as a catalyst since production has since been put in since the early 1960s. Its alcohol conversion rate is acceptable, but a less selective amine. Binary and ternary metal oxide catalytic systems studied many reports ['', due to poor performance, the industry .zSM a selective 5 zeolite came after an attempt to take advantage of its role in improving the shape-selective primary amine has not been adopted Research work has been reported ['a 6'. Selective dehydration of methanol amination reaction of methylamine is indeed improved. For alcohol-containing C-C bond, molecular sieve dehydration amination reaction catalyst as a research work has not yet commenced. This article focuses on the study of various zeolite acidity, pore structure on ethanol dehydration amination. Got some interesting results. Experiment 1 reagent and preparing molecular sieve powder original NaY (Wenzhou Chemical), NaM (Nanjing plant molecular sieve) and NaZSM a 5 (Nankai Chemical) were treated with 10% NH; NO. Solution, 1 mol / L and 0.1 mol L hydrochloric acid solution / Maid change at a certain temperature for several hours to obtain sodium hydrogen zeolite washing, suction filtration, drying, take part NaHY, NaHM, NaHzSM a 5 respectively 5% LaC13, La 10% MgclZ solution obtained corresponding exchange, Mg · zeolite, washing, suction filtration, dried and set aside. Pu 2 test zeolite catalyst
2015年2月16日星期一
4A molecular sieve properties function
Water softening ion exchange performance features: 4A molecular sieve framework are each oxygen atom is shared by two adjacent tetrahedra, this structure which may be occupied by cations and water molecules large bugholes, and these cations and water molecules have a greater mobility, cation exchange and reversible dehydration. 4A zeolite is ion exchange with aluminum ions in the framework carried a negative charge carried by each of the aluminum ions, may be not only sodium ions, may also be combined with other cations. Calcium and magnesium ions can enter the original sodium ions occupy a large crystal cave, the 4A Zeolite replace sodium ions 4A Zeolite down ---- that sodium ions can be exchanged with hard water Ca2 + ,, Mg2 + ions exchange, so as to achieve the purpose to soften water.
Combined with calcium and magnesium ions in zeolite 4A speed slower than sodium tripolyphosphate, and with the ability to bind magnesium ions is weak. But 4A molecular sieve can be a small amount of water in harmful heavy metal ions (such as Pb2 +, Cd2 +, Hg2 +) can be very easily and quickly removed to purify water has very important significance.
---- Carrier liquid of adsorptive functional surfactant: As 4a molecular sieve crystals of the hole structures, plus fine particles having a large specific surface area, so the strong adsorption performance of 4A molecular sieve.
Adsorption of non-ionic surfactants, 4a molecular sieve 3 times NTA (nitrilo-triacetate) and sodium carbonate, five times the sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and sodium sulfate, and the nature of the molding for the agglomeration production of high-concentrated detergent formulated with more surfactants, washing and flow properties obtained good product makes sense. Through the experiment, liquid Zeolite 4A carrying capacity ≥30%, 4A molecular sieves in the detergent production process, increase the mobility of the material, to adjust the viscosity, obtained product appearance, sexual fluidity and anti-caking good product.
Detergency: experiments with different additives on the same formula, changing its detergency aid comparison, found 20% of the STPP, 20% of the molecular sieve, 4% polymer and 40% of the decontamination effect STPP rather, in 20% of non-phosphorus zeolite added 10% sodium carbonate and 4.5% of the polymer obtained very good detergency products.
Redeposition properties: 4a molecular sieve with good adhesion of oil, when sodium carbonate, CMC, sodium silicate and sodium and other additives added zeolite adsorption decreased nylon fabric for oil pollution. Particle size of the zeolite at 0.4-1.0μm, better dispersibility can be prevented from adhering on the fabric.
Although not as good as 4A molecular sieve dispersing ability STPP, but with sodium polyacrylate dispersion can solve complex problems of dirt.
Compatibility with other additives: 4A Zeolite proper performance and other additives can make it complementary, 4A molecular sieve dirt dispersion and hardness ions chelating inferior STPP, but 4A Zeolite mix with STPP, detergency can STPP reached with a single effect. This is because since the solid surface can quickly STPP complex calcium and magnesium ions, and passed through an aqueous medium 4A molecular sieves. 4A Zeolite magnesium ion binding ability, can be obtained by molecular sieve complex silicates, carbonates be compensated.
PH buffer: 4A molecular sieves alkaline PH 1% aqueous solution at 11.0, and therefore has a certain buffer alkalinity.
Safety: 4A Zeolite non-toxic, safe to human height. Eyes, skin irritation, does not cause allergies, safety and reliability. After washing deposited in the soil, does not cause pollution, but also can improve soil, 4A Zeolite no adverse impact on the ecology
Combined with calcium and magnesium ions in zeolite 4A speed slower than sodium tripolyphosphate, and with the ability to bind magnesium ions is weak. But 4A molecular sieve can be a small amount of water in harmful heavy metal ions (such as Pb2 +, Cd2 +, Hg2 +) can be very easily and quickly removed to purify water has very important significance.
---- Carrier liquid of adsorptive functional surfactant: As 4a molecular sieve crystals of the hole structures, plus fine particles having a large specific surface area, so the strong adsorption performance of 4A molecular sieve.
Adsorption of non-ionic surfactants, 4a molecular sieve 3 times NTA (nitrilo-triacetate) and sodium carbonate, five times the sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and sodium sulfate, and the nature of the molding for the agglomeration production of high-concentrated detergent formulated with more surfactants, washing and flow properties obtained good product makes sense. Through the experiment, liquid Zeolite 4A carrying capacity ≥30%, 4A molecular sieves in the detergent production process, increase the mobility of the material, to adjust the viscosity, obtained product appearance, sexual fluidity and anti-caking good product.
Detergency: experiments with different additives on the same formula, changing its detergency aid comparison, found 20% of the STPP, 20% of the molecular sieve, 4% polymer and 40% of the decontamination effect STPP rather, in 20% of non-phosphorus zeolite added 10% sodium carbonate and 4.5% of the polymer obtained very good detergency products.
Redeposition properties: 4a molecular sieve with good adhesion of oil, when sodium carbonate, CMC, sodium silicate and sodium and other additives added zeolite adsorption decreased nylon fabric for oil pollution. Particle size of the zeolite at 0.4-1.0μm, better dispersibility can be prevented from adhering on the fabric.
Although not as good as 4A molecular sieve dispersing ability STPP, but with sodium polyacrylate dispersion can solve complex problems of dirt.
Compatibility with other additives: 4A Zeolite proper performance and other additives can make it complementary, 4A molecular sieve dirt dispersion and hardness ions chelating inferior STPP, but 4A Zeolite mix with STPP, detergency can STPP reached with a single effect. This is because since the solid surface can quickly STPP complex calcium and magnesium ions, and passed through an aqueous medium 4A molecular sieves. 4A Zeolite magnesium ion binding ability, can be obtained by molecular sieve complex silicates, carbonates be compensated.
PH buffer: 4A molecular sieves alkaline PH 1% aqueous solution at 11.0, and therefore has a certain buffer alkalinity.
Safety: 4A Zeolite non-toxic, safe to human height. Eyes, skin irritation, does not cause allergies, safety and reliability. After washing deposited in the soil, does not cause pollution, but also can improve soil, 4A Zeolite no adverse impact on the ecology
2014年12月24日星期三
How molecular sieve adsorbent works
Use of #carbon #molecular #sieves are sieved to achieve the separation characteristics of oxygen, nitrogen purpose. When molecular sieve adsorption of impurity gases, mesopores and macropores function as channels only, the adsorbed molecules transported to the sub-micropores and the micropores, the volume of micropores and sub-micropores is that really Adsorption. As shown below, the carbon molecular sieves comprise a large number of internal pores, the pores allow the kinetics of small molecules rapidly diffuse into the hole size, while limiting the entry of large diameter molecules. Due to the different sizes of the gas molecules relative diffusion rate differences, components of the gas mixture can be effectively separated. Thus, in the manufacture of carbon molecular sieves, molecular size according to the size of the carbon molecular sieve in the internal pore distribution should be 0.28 ~ 0.38nm. Within this pore size range, the oxygen can quickly diffuse into the hole through the porous openings, and the nitrogen is difficult through the porous opening, so as to achieve an oxygen, nitrogen separation. Microporous carbon molecular sieve pore size is the separation of oxygen, nitrogen base, if the pore size is too large, oxygen, nitrogen, into the pores of the molecular sieve is easy, but there is no separation of the role; pore size is too small, oxygen, nitrogen can not enter micropores, but there is no separation. [1]
#Domestic #molecular #sieve due to conditions imposed on the pore size control is not very good. Market sales of carbon molecular sieve pore size distribution of 0.3 ~ 1nm, only Iwatani zeolite did 0.28 ~ 0.36nm. Carbon molecular sieve material for coconut shell, coal, resins, etc., the first step after processing powder, then blend with the base material, the base material is to increase strength and prevent fragmentation pulverized material; second step is to create activation hole, at a temperature of 600 ~ 1000 ℃ passed through activator, commonly used activator water vapor, carbon dioxide, oxygen and a mixture thereof. They are more lively and amorphous carbon thermal chemical reaction to form holes and gradually expand the surface area activated pore time ranging from 10 ~ 60min; The third step is to adjust the pore structure, the use of chemical vapors: such as benzene in carbon microporous molecular sieve wall deposition to adjust the size of the holes, so as to satisfy the requirements.
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